Introduction

Congenital conditions
These are conditions that are usually treated by a Pediatric Urologist as they manifest and get diagnosed during childhood or adolescence. Still nowadays we treat a few adult patients per year with congenital pelvic-ureteric obstruction, renal cysts, etc.

Acute &, Chronic Renal Failure
Usually these conditions are treated by the Nephrologists. It is of urgent need for urological input and action needs to be taken urgently when the acute renal failure is due to unilateral / bilateral obstruction of the upper or lower tract.

Infections
Usually these conditions are treated by the Internists / Nephrologists. It is of urgent need for urological input and action needs to be taken urgently when the infection is due to unilateral / bilateral obstruction of the upper or lower tract.

Trauma
Usually these conditions are treated by the Trauma Surgeons. It is of urgent need for urological input and action needs to be taken urgently when salvage of the organ is possible or when the operation and further follow-up requires specialized knowledge.

• Kidney Stones
• Stent Symptoms
• Kidney Cancer
• Pelviureteric Junction (PUJ) Obstruction